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Evaluation of Event-Triggered Algorithm to Minimise Differences From Real Values to Digital Twin and Balancing Energy Efficiency Applied to Rainfed Crops

Authors:
Alberto Ivars-Palomares
Lorena Parra
Jaime Lloret
Sandra Sendra
Pedro V. Mauri

Keywords: soil moisture; soil temperature; agriculture; sensor.

Abstract:
The quality of data is essential when it is used for digital twin purposes. Nevertheless, in rural areas with limited energy, the periodicity in data forwarding can be challenging. This paper assesses an event-triggered algorithm based on the variation between the current sensed data and the last sent data. Specifically, thresholds are optimised to determine the data forwarding for a rainfed agriculture monitoring network. The thresholds are optimised using a metric that combines the energy efficiency and quality of data in terms of the percentage of packets saved and the error between the real value and the digital twin value. This has been conducted for soil moisture sensors located at different depths and soil temperature sensors. Once the thresholds have been optimised, with values of 2 ÂșC for soil temperature and 0.25 % for soil moisture sensors, the saved packets are considered. These thresholds are applied to other similar nodes located in different areas. The results indicate that while the amount of sent packets is similar, ranging from 953 to 1269, the errors are highly variable. The saved packets represent a saving in packets that ranges from 82 to 86 %. This can be explained by the differences in temperature and soil moisture changes and trends among different sensors located in different places. Thus, these results suggest that adaptable tresdhols should be provided that automatically adapt to the conditions of the monitored site.

Pages: 1 to 6

Copyright: Copyright (c) IARIA, 2025

Publication date: September 28, 2025

Published in: conference

ISSN: 2326-9324

ISBN: 978-1-68558-291-3

Location: Lisbon, Portugal

Dates: from September 28, 2025 to October 2, 2025