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Application of the Composite Field in the Design of an Improved AES S-box Based on Inversion

Authors:
Zhao Wang
Xiao Zhang
Sitao Wang
Zhisong Hao
Zhiming Zheng

Keywords: Composite field; S-box; Hardware implementation.

Abstract:
The hardware implementation of the Substitution-Box (S-box) of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) always employs composite field GF((2^n)^2) to obtain better efficiency. In this paper, an improved class of S-boxes by direct inversion in composite field is presented, and the choice of the subfield leading to the most efficient implementation is discussed. Eliminating the field isomorphic transformations, such a composite field is easier to fix and the resulting hardware implementation is more efficient than that of AES S-box. Some common cryptographic characteristics for the composite field based S-boxes are examined, and it turns out that direct inversion in composite field does not weaken the cryptographic characteristics. In addition, a demonstration for the immunity against the potential algebraic attack on AES with the replacement of our S-box is given, and it is proven that the revised AES is even more secure than the original AES against the algebraic attack. As a result of this work, it could be predicted that the isomorphism implies equal immunity from certain cryptanalysis. Our S-box is suitable for the area-limited hardware production.

Pages: 23 to 29

Copyright: Copyright (c) IARIA, 2014

Publication date: October 12, 2014

Published in: conference

ISSN: 2326-9286

ISBN: 978-1-61208-373-5

Location: Nice, France

Dates: from October 12, 2014 to October 16, 2014