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An Edge-Centric IoT System for Smart Building Energy Management

Authors:
João Silva
João Alves
Nuno Silva
Abdul Rauf
Victor Bongard
Victor Rodríguez
Nuno Moreira
Rui Pinto
Gil Gonçalves

Keywords: IoT; CPS; MQTT; InfluxDB; SQLite; Grafana; Edge Computing; AI Forecast.

Abstract:
Rising energy costs and suboptimal environmental control in industrial and service facilities are frequently associated with limited real-time visibility, static control strategies, and low resilience in conventional building management systems. Many existing solutions rely on centralized architectures, which increases latency and reduces robustness under connectivity disruptions, while offering limited support for proactive optimization. This paper presents a modular, edge-centric Internet of Things (IoT) platform for multi-zone environmental monitoring and control, designed to preserve local autonomy under partial failure conditions. Environmental and occupancy data are acquired by microcontroller-based sensor nodes and disseminated via Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) to a local edge gateway, where data validation, aggregation, and coordination are performed before selective synchronization with backend services for persistence and visualization. The platform integrates lightweight forecasting mechanisms that combine historical occupancy patterns with external weather information to support anticipatory control decisions. The proposed architecture enforces a clear separation between data and control planes, supports scalable multi-zone deployments, and enables energy-efficient operation with low deployment overhead, making it suitable for small- and medium-scale facilities.

Pages: 13 to 18

Copyright: Copyright (c) IARIA, 2026

Publication date: March 8, 2026

Published in: conference

ISSN: 2308-4065

ISBN: 978-1-68558-351-4

Location: Valencia, Spain

Dates: from March 8, 2026 to March 12, 2026