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Optimum Cluster Size for Cluster-Based Communication in Wireless Sensor Network

Authors:
Goutam Chakraborty

Keywords: Sensor nodes' power decay; Constrained optimization problem; Linear programming;

Abstract:
Clustering of sensor nodes to reduce energy expense during data communication covers a large body of literature. Without clustering energy of sensor nodes near the sink drain fast, which in turn kills more rapidly nodes at further hop distances. Cluster-based routing protocol alleviates this problem. Yet, in cluster-based approaches too, for hop-by-hop communication, power of nodes nearer to the cluster head (CH) are drained more rapidly compared to those at the periphery, as they are more often used as hopping nodes. This is more so when the cluster is big. For too small cluster, there is no meaning in clustering. Uniform dissipation is achieved by reconfiguring the clusters at intervals, which is a big signalling overhead. Most of the previous works are on efficient cluster formation, and on using more than one CH to reduce SNR. In this work, we show that there is an optimum size of a cluster, for which the power dissipation at every node could be made uniform over a time, by transmitting packets at different energy levels. It is a co-operative approach for data transportation, where different portions of packets are forwarded to different nodes towards the CH. This way we can avoid frequent cluster reconfiguration. In this paper, the above goal is formally defined as a constrained optimization problem, for linear array of sensor nodes. It turns out to be a non-linear optimization problem, which is simplified to a linear optimization problem and solved. It is shown that the problem has a solution when the cluster diameter is 6 (in terms of hop count) or less. Cluster of bigger size has no solution. We also formulate the problem, when nodes are uniformly distributed over a plane.

Pages: 328 to 333

Copyright: Copyright (c) IARIA, 2010

Publication date: October 25, 2010

Published in: conference

ISSN: 2308-4278

ISBN: 978-1-61208-100-7

Location: Florence, Italy

Dates: from October 25, 2010 to October 30, 2010